Before designing a printed circuit board, you need to determine whether you want to use a single-layer board or a multi-layer board PCB. Both of these design types are common. So which type is right for your project? What's the difference? As the name suggests, single-layer boards have only one layer of substrate, also known as substrate, while multi-layer PCBS have multiple layers.
Advantages and applications of single layer boards
A single-layer plate is sometimes called a single panel, in general, there are components on one side of the board, and copper wire on the other side, the single-layer plate is composed of a base layer, a conductive metal layer, a protective solder mask film and screen printing.
1. Advantages and disadvantages of single-layer PCB are as follows:
Advantages: Lower cost, simpler design and production, shorter lead time.
Disadvantages: For complex projects, especially when the number of components is large, the size requirements are small, and the single panel can not handle the lower operating capacity, the larger size and the larger weight.
2. Single-layer PCB application
Single panels have become the preferred choice for various electronic products due to their low cost and relative ease of production. Although multi-layer boards are becoming more and more popular as electronic technology becomes more complex, single-layer boards are still widely used. They are typically found in relatively single-function devices that don't need to store large amounts of data or access networks.
Single-layer PCBS are commonly used in small household appliances (such as coffee machines). They are also the PCBS used in most calculators, radios, printers and LED lights. Simpler storage devices such as solid-state drives often also use single-sided PCBS, as do components such as power supplies and many different types of sensors.
Advantages and applications of multi-layer boards
Multilayer PCBS are made of three or more dual panels stacked on top of each other. Usually, the number of layers of the multi-layer board is generally even layers, between 4 and 12 layers, why not use odd layers? Because an odd number of layers can cause problems such as warping and twisting after welding.
Both sides of each substrate layer on a multilayer plate have conductive metals. The boards are joined together using a special adhesive, and there is insulation between each board. At the outermost edge of the multilayer plate is the solder shield.
Multilayer plates use through holes to allow different layers to communicate with each other. Through holes are generally divided into three categories: through holes: through each layer of the circuit board; Blind hole: connecting the outer layer to the inner layer; Buried holes: Connect the two inner layers so they are not visible from the outside.
1. The advantages and disadvantages of multi-layer PCB are as follows:
Advantages: Ability to handle more complex functions with higher quality, greater power, greater handling capacity and faster speed Enhanced durability with smaller size and lighter weight.
Cons: Higher costs more complex design and production longer lead times more complex maintenance.
2. Multi-layer PCB application
As technology advances, multilayer PCBS are becoming more common. Many of today's electronic devices are functionally complex and small in size, so multiple layers must be used on their circuit boards.
Multilayer printed circuit boards appear in many computer components, including motherboards and servers. From laptops and tablets to smartphones and smartwatches. Smartphones typically require about 12 layers. Other products that are not as complex as smartphones but are too complex for single-sided printed circuit boards typically use four to eight layers. Like microwave ovens and air conditioners.
In addition, due to the reliability, small size and lightweight design required for medical devices, they can also usually operate on boards with more than three layers. Multilayer printed circuit boards are also used in X-ray machines, heart monitors, CAT scanning equipment, and many other applications.
The automotive and aerospace industries are also increasingly using electronic components that are both durable and lightweight, and these are also typically multilayer panels. These components must be able to withstand wear, high temperatures and other harsh conditions. Vehicle computers, GPS systems, engine sensors, and headlight switches generally use multilayer panels.
In order to determine whether your project needs a single layer or multiple layer printed circuit board, you need to consider the needs of the project and the most suitable type. Ask yourself these five questions:
1. What level of functionality do I need? If it is more complex, multiple layers may be required.
2. What is the maximum size of the board? Multilayer panels can fit more functions into a smaller space.
3. Is durability a priority? If so, use multiple layers.
4. What is my budget? For more modest budgets, single-layer panels work best.
5. How soon do I need a PCB? Single-layer printed circuit boards have shorter lead times compared to multi-layer printed circuit boards.
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